(The Pictish/Caledonian attacks on Hadrians wall through the centuries of the Roman Empire,from the early golden days of pax romana to the chaotic times of late roman antiquity)




(The Pictish/Caledonian attacks on Hadrians wall through the centuries of the Roman Empire,from the early golden days of pax romana to the chaotic times of late roman antiquity)

Since it’s construction in ealry roman Britain,the wall had stood as a symbol of Rome’s ultimate power,however the Caledonians were not intimidated.In 158 AD, they successfully attacked Hadrian’s Wall,and seriously damaged it. They also destroyed the Antonine Wall (north of Hadrian’s wall) at this time.

The next recorded raid on the wall was In Ad 180 when the Caledonian tribes crossed Hadrian’s Wall,overwhelming its garrisons and killing their commanding officer or governor (possibly Caerellius Oriscus).They proceeded to enter the Province of Britannia in what Dio Cassius described as the most serious war of the Emperor Commodus’ reign. In response,Commodus dispatched the province’s former governor Ulpius Marcellus to repel the invaders. According to Dio,control was not fully regained until AD184, though archaeological evidence suggests trouble continued until at least 186/7.

Marcellus conducted his own invasion into Caledonia and is thought to have reoccupied the Antonine Wall,which runs between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde,for a short period.He was ultimately forced back to Hadrian’s Wall however,hampered by the mutinous British Legions, who would later put forward their own usurper to the imperial throne.

The third recorded attempt to break the defenses of Hadrians wall was Later,in 306 Ad,the Picts had grew bold and raided far south of the wall—as far south as modern day London.In 383 Ad,in the fourth attempt to destroy the wall,they again breached Hadrian’s Wall.however This time it was so badly damaged that it took the Romans 24 years to rebuild it. In 396 AD,the Picts attacked the wall again for the fifth time,Soon afterwards, in 409 Ad,the Romans finally decided to pull out of Britain.

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