Revival History

 Marcus Delon Wesson  is an American mass murderer and child rap '.ist, convicted of nine counts of first-degree murder and 14 se.x crimes, including the ra.pe and molestation of his underage daughters. His victims were his children, fathered through incestuous sexual abuse of his daughters and nieces, as well as his wife's children.He has been described as the worst mass murderer of Fresno, California. Marcus Wesson claimed he was Jesus and the only righteous man alive. He believed Jesus was a vampire and wrote his own bible where he claimed that "drinking blood was the key to eternal life." Marcus had a history of abuse, which started with him marrying his 8-year-old niece, Elizabeth. She first gave birth at the age of 14, but by the time she was 26 she had given birth to eleven kids. But that wasn't it. Marcus went ahead to marry two more of his nieces and secretly married two of his daughters, producing several children with his brides. He convinced them that ...

 THINGS NOT WRITTEN IN HISTORY BOOKS.....THAT'S OK......GENERATIONAL MEMORIES NEVER FAIL --------->>>> It was Dec. 6, 1862. On President Abraham Lincoln’s desk lay a list of 303 Dakota people who were accused of everything from rape to murder. These accusations came after Dakota warriors in southern Minnesota took it upon themselves to do something about the starvation and loss of millions of acres of their land caused by white settlers in what’s known as the Dakota Uprising. That battle ended with the deaths of 150 Dakota and nearly 1,000 white settlers during the fighting itself — but the true numbers of Dakota casualties over the next several years are still, to this day, untold. There were no lawyers and no witnesses at the trials of these Dakota people and some were sentenced within mere minutes. In the end, Lincoln and his lawyers combed through the charges and eventually decided that 39 would die. One man’s sentence was commuted minutes before heading to the gall...

 This is not a new history suffering of Rohingya in Myanmar but it it is very old history Rohingya Arakanese indigenous muslims had been suffering systematic discriminations ,atrocities,harassment,to rture,injustices,extortions ,killing,rape, oral abuses and mass muder etc....just because their faith is Islam .

 When Tim Longman attended a commemoration at a place called Murambi in 1996 , two years after the genocide, he was shocked by what he witnessed.  Murambi was a school, still under construction at the time of the genocide.  Drawn to the site by the false promise of shelter and protection, as many as 5,000 Tutsis were murdered at Murambi.  As director of the Human Rights Watch office in Rwanda, Tim was one of many dignitaries from around the globe to attend the commemoration.  What he witnessed were the remains of bodies, covered in lime to prevent their decomposition, carefully placed on display around the school.  Some rooms featured skulls, other rooms featured the bones of children, there was even the remains of a women with a stick placed between her legs to convey how women were subjected to rape.  What shocked Tim was how the bodies at Murambi, in complete disregard for the wishes of the victims’ families or traditional Rwandan burial practices, ...

 In August 1973, 17-year-old Elmer Wayne Henley was arrested for murder. Over the previous two years, he'd acted as an accomplice to serial killer "Candy Man" Dean Corll, the man behind the Houston Mass Murders. Henley helped Corll rape and murder at least 28 victims, six of whom he killed himself — and eventually turned the gun on Corll. In fact, Henley was only caught because he called the police after fatally shooting Corll and turned himself in, admitting to everything. Despite his confession, Corll was convicted of murder and sentenced to six terms of life in prison. 

 Bangladesh used to be called East Pakistan. The name change resulted from what came to be known as the Bangladesh Liberation War. Bengali nationalists had been fighting since March of 1971, but nine months later neighboring India joined in the hostilities on the side of Bangladesh, and that was quickly that. --On This Day in History, Shit Went Down: November 21, 1971-- It began with a genocide. Pakistan was ruled by a military junta and in the spring of 1971 went on a mass killing spree of Bengalis in East Pakistan that took the lives of hundreds of thousands, possibly millions. There was also a lot of rape. A Bangladeshi guerrilla force named Mukti Bahini, aided by neighboring India, continued to fight for independence. This was right on India’s eastern border, and 10 million Bengali refugees fled to India, while another 30 million were displaced internally. Then India decided it was time to directly intervene.

 "She ended up in the pot like the other two ... her flesh was fat and white, when it had melted I added a bottle of cologne, and after a long time on the boil, I was able to make some most acceptable creamy soap."  Known as the "Soap-Maker of Correggio," Leonarda Cianciulli was one of the most terrifying female serial killers that Italy had ever seen. Determined to keep her son safe during World War II, Cianciulli believed she'd have to make a human sacrifice in order to do so — and that's exactly what she did.

 OnThisDay, 12th October 1915, British nurse Edith Cavell was executed by sentence of a German court martial.  Before the First World War, she became famous as the superior of Belgium's first secular school for nurses. During the fighting, she was the superior of a military hospital. In nine months she helped 200 British and French prisoners of war to escape. In August 1915, following a denunciation, she was arrested and charged with treason.

 What Is Greek Mythology Greek mythology is a vast group of legends that tells the stories of gods, goddesses, nymphs, demy gods, mortals, or immortals. ..... check comments for more interesting details What Is the Source There is no authentic written source of Greek mythology, like the Bible or Vedas. However, ancient Greek poets like Homer, Hesiod, and Sophocles told those fanciful stories and the historical facts.  Fanciful and Historical Yes, stories like greedy King Midas and heroic Hercules look fanciful to us; whereas, stories like the great Trojan War is our basic historical facts. I call them Mythological Truth. Hahaha.

 During the World War II, Bette Davis was the chairman of the Hollywood Victory Committee and she founded the legendary Hollywood Canteen, along with fellow Warner Bros actor John Garfield. The Canteen was free to active servicemen of all ages, and was an escapist’s dream: they could dance with starlets, and get served up food by their favorite Hollywood actors. But Bette Davis had one extremely controversial stipulation: that the canteen be integrated. This meant, of course, that black soldiers would be able to dance with white women in public. As heroic America was during that War, it was still deeply rooted in Jim Crow laws and open interracial mingling was something that was just NOT done. It strictly White-Only and Black-Only. (Hattie McDaniel was the chairman of the Negro Hollywood Victory Committee.) Bette Davis received intense heat for her decision, but she and Garfield refused to back down and fought for the club to be racially integrated. Their solution was simple: if n...

 Mugshot of Bertha Boronda who used a straight razor to slice off her husband's penis . She was convicted of the crime ‘mayhem’ and sentenced to 5 years in prison at San Quentin Penitentiary but served only 2 years. On Friday, May 30, 1907, Bertha insisted that her husband Frank, had visited a place of prostitution. Shortly after midnight, she cut her husband's penis off with a razor while in bed. He was able to go to the firehouse, which was adjacent to his home, and received treatment in a hospital.

 The Maids of World War II: When we look at women’s traditional roles we tend to find only a few ways they were commonly perceived by societies: as the innocent damsel in distress, maiden or maid, as the mother tending hearth, home, and children, or as the monster* who is either cruel and sinister and who in some way breaks with “normal” society. Maids were numerous during World War II, sometimes they were tragic victims like little girls in Malaysia who jumped into hiding when Japanese planes soared overhead shooting anyone in their sights, or mixed-race children in the Rhineland as young as six who Hitler’s forces sterilized because they were deemed genetically inferior. There were many Jewish girls forced into hiding like Anne Frank (and many more forced into hiding without their family nearby), and Roma (“gypsy”) girls who were sent to the gas chambers for simply being other than Aryan. They were our own American girls of Japanese descent who were denied their rights as citize...

 During World War II, millions of people were sent to concentration camps, including women. Women in concentration camps were subjected to bru**tal treatment and often faced more severe conditions than their male counterparts. The conditions in the camps were inhumane, and women were often subjected to forced labor, starvation, and medical experiments. Women were treated differently in concentration camps than men. They were often separated from their families, forced to perform hard labor, and subjected to se**xual abuse

 A nurse writes down the last words of a dying soldier, 1917 Seen here is a nurse writing down the last words of a British soldier during World War I. WWI lasted 4 years from 1914 - 1918, with many historians agreeing that 1917 was the worst year of the war. Nurses played a vital role during the war, as they helped troops recover from their injuries and helped them to get back to the battlefield. Nurses also comforted mortally wounded soldiers.Some soldiers suffered from.different psychological disorders due to their time being exposed to a combat zone, including anxiety disorders, depression and battle fatigue, which is now known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which was a condition that was not acknowledged at the time.  Before World War II, WWI was known as "The Great War". It is infamous for its brutal and almost eerie nature. The war is also known for its primitive and basic technology, which led to much of the combat being hand to hand and up-close.  World War I ...

 Contrary to popular assumptions , There is Nowhere in ancient civilization history that a type of black people has not played a role in the emergence of that civilization, one way or the other, we are connected to all ancient civilizations, we are the primordial man and woman and our reign has been infinite  on this planet

 General George S. Patton watches his troops advance across the El Guettar Valley, Tunisia - March 1943 Patton is wearing his trade mark cavalry breeches and cavalry boots with a customised "tanker jacket", note his Colt single action revolver with ivory grips. Following the debacle at Kasserine Pass, Allied Supreme Commander Eisenhower visited II Corps HQ and conferred with Bradley. Eisenhower asked "What do you think of the command here?" Bradley's response was "It's pretty bad. I've talked to all the division commanders. To a man they've lost confidence in Fredendall as the corps commander." It was then decided to relieve Lloyd Fredendall of his command. Eisenhower’s 1st choice for a replacement was Major General Earnest Harmon, but he declined. On March 6, 1943, Major General George S. Patton was selected to replace Fredendall. When Patton arrived at II Corps headquarters, Fredendall was at breakfast. Patton already disliked Fredendall ...

 Today marks the 78th anniversary of one of the most import days in the history of the world. World War II included the vast majority of the world’s countries and lasted from 1939-1945. Over 100 million people from around the world were at war with each other and divided into two alliances, the Allies and the Axis. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in the history of mankind with 50-85 million casualties. On June 6, 1944 began the largest amphibious landing in history on 5 stretches of Normandy coastline. Just after midnight of June 6th roughly 24,000 paratroopers parachuted onto the beaches of Normandy, all the while taking on gunfire and avoiding obstacles, land mines, and artillery. By 7am that morning roughly an additional 130,000 Allied forces stormed the beaches via an amphibious assault going head on into heavy automatic gunfire and artillery. Over 4,000 Allied troops were lost that day. We thank them for their bravery and laying the foundation to win World War I...

 The death of Archimedes at the capture of Syracuse by the Romans. Archimedes (c287-212 BC) is one of the most celebrated scientists of the ancient world. He is probably most famous for his shout of 'Eureka' when he realised that the level of water in his bath rose when he got into it. Archimedes' major contribution to mathematics was his discovery of formulae for the areas and volumes of spheres, cylinders, parabolas and other plane and solid figures. The methods he used anticipated the theories of integration that were developed 1800 years later. He also pioneered the science of hydrostatics, the study of the pressure and equilibrium of fluids. The Archimedean screw developed by him as a means of raising water is still used for irrigation purposes today. Archimedes was killed when the Romans captured Syracuse in 212 BC. The city had held out against the besieging Romans for 3 years, aided by various military engines built to Archimedes' designs.

 The Congo massacre, also known as the Congo genocide, was a series of mass killings and atrocities committed by Belgian forces and their Congolese collaborators in the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. The death toll is estimated to be between 5 and 10 million people, or about half of the Congolese population at the time. The massacre was one of the deadliest events in human history. The massacre was motivated by King Leopold II of Belgium's desire to exploit the Congo's natural resources, particularly rubber. Leopold had been granted personal control of the Congo by the Berlin Conference of 1885 and he established a brutal system of forced labor to extract rubber from the Congolese people. Those who failed to meet their quotas were subjected to beatings, torture, and even execution.

 On this day, 7 August 1936, revolutionaries in Spain conducted a ceremonial "execution " of the huge Catholic Monument of the Sacred Heart near Madrid, in a location considered the exact centre of Spain. The statue was shot by a firing squad of working class people who had risen up against a fascist military rebellion, and launched a social revolution. The Catholic Church, which for many years had been a brutal and oppressive force in Spain, supported the fascists in their campaign of mass murder and terror against workers and peasants. 

 Bran's Castle in the mountains of Romania was once the residence of the real-life Dracula, an aristocrat popularly known as Vlad the Impaler for his notoriously brutal method of mass execution. After imprisoning those who opposed him, Vlad would execute his victims through impalement, during which a wooden or metal pole was jabbed through an orifice on the bottom half of the body. The pole then slowly pierced through the victim until it exited from their mouth, shoulders, or neck, resulting in a slow and truly agonizing death. It's said that he killed as many as 80,000 people this way, many of whose souls now wander the hallways of his abandoned palace. Discover the eerie halls of Bran's Castle and more ghostly palaces

 Built halfway up a 400-foot vertical cliff face, Predjama Castle is the world's largest cave fortress — and is said to have once housed the Slovenian Robin Hood.  As the story goes, a noted robber-baron named Erasmus von Lueg fled to the castle in 1484 after killing a high-ranking Marshal in the Hapsburg Court. In retaliation, the Austrian Emperor sent his army after von Lueg, who evaded capture for months by using a complicated network of tunnels built under the castle. He even teased the Austrians by sending them cherries he'd picked in a valley he accessed through the tunnels, some 13 miles away from the palace. But almost exactly a year after his game of cat and mouse began, von Lueg was betrayed by a servant — and killed by cannonball while using the castle's latrine.   

 Today, Socrates is remembered as one of the most important Western philosophers and the inspiration for the interrogative "Socratic method," which is still used in modern-day classrooms. But he was far from revered at the end of his life. By 399 B.C.E., Socrates had become a nuisance to many Athenians because of his strong belief in individualism and self-reflection.  His appearance and lifestyle also rubbed many people the wrong way. Socrates, with his "ugly" face and simple way of life, didn't fit in with Athens' power- and beauty-obsessed society. And yet, he remained highly influential among his devoted followers — which infuriated many people in power. At the age of 70, Socrates was charged with "impiety" and "corrupting the youth," found guilty by a jury of his peers, and sentenced to death. Forced to drink poison, Socrates died surrounded by his loyal followers. But they made sure he wasn't forgotten

 Amateur Christian archaeologist Ron Wyatt claimed to have made nearly 100 Bible-related discoveries, including the remains of Noah's Ark, Goliath's sword, the original Ten Commandments, the Ark of the Covenant, and even the dried blood of Jesus Christ. Though Wyatt became a tabloid sensation in the late 20th century, most people did not take his claims seriously. He was strongly criticized by Biblical scholars, professional archaeologists, and even some creationists. However, Wyatt still maintains a small following of devoted "disciples" decades after his death who firmly believe that he was "God's archaeologist."

 In the early 1800s, daily newspapers were unaffordable for the average American. At five cents apiece, they were simply too expensive for someone who only brought home one dollar per day. But in the 1840s, the invention of the rotary press allowed publishers to print "penny papers," creating greater demand for their product. With this increased demand came the need for workers to sell these newspapers — and children were perfect for the job. Boys as young as five or six, many of whom were impoverished or even homeless, began purchasing bundles of papers to sell on the streets in order to make a living for themselves or support their struggling families. In 1872, one journalist wrote: "There are 10,000 children living on the streets of New York... They rend the air and deafen you with their shrill cries. They surround you on the sidewalk and almost force you to buy their papers. They are ragged and dirty. They have no coats, no shoes, and no hat." But as child labo...

Louis Hanssen, Jr. served as president of the Louis Hanssen's Sons Hardware Store that his father founded in 1851.    Louis Jr. was born on January 31, 1864, above the original two-story store at 213-215 W. Second Street.  He received his education in the public schools and a local business college.   He took a position as teller at the Davenport National Bank where he was employed until entering his father's business. He married Miss Paula Bruhn on September 5, 1888.  Their first child Erwin R. Hanssen passed away on September 23, 1889, from cholera infantum. Louis Jr. and his brothers Charles E. and Ben C. succeeded their father in the hardware business when Louis Sr. retired in 1897. Louis Hanssen Jr. died at the age of 63 on February 13, 1927, at his home, from a blood clot that passed to his brain.  Besides serving as president of the wholesale hardware business, he had also been a member of the board of directors of the Scott County Savings Bank ...

 Decolonising the mind: Part Six‘…no to Western propaganda and lies’ By Abraham Mabvurira  EVERY recipient of European education who has studied African history, juxtaposed with European history, knows very well how African warriors, like Tshaka and many others, are portrayed as villains whereas Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini and Napoleon Bonaparte, among others, are portrayed as heroes. Since both African and European history was written by our ‘conquerors’ – the racist white perpetrators — it was deliberately doctored to promote a white supremacist worldview as opposed to a sense of inferiority among black people. In simple terms, African heroes and heroines are criticised and mocked as ‘ruthless and cruel incompetent leaders’ while European heroes and heroines are showered with praise and acclamation. This has caused self-hatred among many recipients of European education, a sad situation where people get to hate their own past, culture, traditions and identity. The brainwa...

 On 6 December 1938 members of the Australian Aborigines' League marched to the German consulate to deliver a petition condemning the “cruel persecution of the Jewish people by the Nazi government” and calling for it to end. This came in response to the events of November 9-10 1938, known as Kristallnacht, during which Nazis killed hundreds of Jewish Germans, arresting and attacking tens of thousands more, and destroying and looting synagogues, houses, businesses, and schools. Having campaigned for the rights of Indigenous Australians since the late 1870s AAL leader William Cooper (pictured here) was moved to support others suffering racist repression. The deputation was turned away and it would take until 2020 for the German government to officially apologise to Australian Aboriginal and Jewish communities for refusing to accept the protest letter and petition.

 Today, 33 years ago, The Mamelodi 10 killed in ambush.  Thursday, 26 June 1986 After being lured to their deaths by police Constable Joe Mamasela (posing as an MK agent) the 'Mamelodi 10' (a.k.a. the 'Nietverdiend 10') are killed. Mamasela had promised to take them to Botswana for military training. Instead Mamasela drove them (in a minibus) to Nietverdiend, where security officers ordered the men at gunpoint to get out of the minibus, and Commandant Dave Trippet injected them with a chemical. Now unconscious, they were bundled back into the minibus and driven to Bophuthatswana by Special Forces operative Diederick Jacobus Vorster. A limpet mine and an AK47 were placed into the minibus, an accident staged and the minibus set alight. The bodies were burnt so severely that identification was difficult, and there is some confusion about who was killed in this incident. Their bodies buried in a field in Winterveld, near Pretoria. What happened to the Mamelodi 10 was outlin...

 History will reflect that we lived to see a Black Man as President Of The United States Of America. I thank God for letting me live to witness the sight of a black family reside in the house built by our ancestors.  In a sometimes cruel, racist and cynical world, it fills me with an enormous sense of pride to know that the man I met coming out of a banquet in 1999,  with run over shoes, and wearing a less than presidential suit, a man that told me he and Michelle could only afford  $300 in return for music I produced for a campaign he was in, the same man who hired me later to write the jingle  "Yes We Can" when he ran for senate in 2004. Politics aside, to know that this man made it to the highest level of national prominence....I thank God for honoring me with breath to witness this black man as President Of The United States Of America!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

 The racist attacks on Haitian asylum seekers on the US-Mexico border are devastating and cruel. But it’s sadly only the latest chapter in a long history of violent detention and deportation by the United States.  Repression of migrants and refugees is a bipartisan cause. Both Democrats and Republicans have continued to wage wars and implement sanctions and destructive economic policies that have been the direct cause of migration and those seeking asylum throughout the world. Haiti may be the clearest example of this: a country that gained its independence and established a Black republic in 1804, has since had to pay reparations to slave owners and been the victim of centuries of European and U.S intervention up until today.  The US-Mexico border is one of the most militarized borders in the world, and the racial and moral panic that it creates shows once again that the US is a nation built on white supremacy, anti-Black racism and Indigenous genocide.  There are ...

 SEBELE II – FROM CORPORAL TO KING (12/2/1918) On this day, 105 years ago., Kelebantse Sebele a Sechele II assumed bogosi jwa Bakwena as Kgosi Sebele II. At the time he had just returned from France where he had served on the First World War’s Western Front. After landing in Cape Town he rushed to Molepolole to reach his dying father, Kgosi Kealeboga Sechele II aSebele I. Aged 25 at the time of his enthronement, Sebele II’s background was unique among diKgosi of the time. He was fairly well educated, though he dropped out of secondary school at Tiger Kloof, despite being a good student. Among Bakwena dikgosi, he was the first to be fully literate in English.   He had also gained additional experience outside the Protectorate. For several years he worked as a clerk in the Witwatersrand mines and witnessed the squalid and violent conditions of compound life. With the freedom and money to visit bustling Johannesburg, he also moved among a new community of urbanized Africans and t...

 Indigenous joy: I saw this gorgeous photo that Twyla Baker posted from a collection at the Minnesota State Historical Society of Arikara/Mandan/Hidatsa girls laughing, it reminded me of this piece I wrote last year in my endeavors to gather old photos that embody Indigenous Joy: Indigenous joy.The laughter emanating from these faces, the pleasure of the sounds of corn husks rustling as harvests roll in.The essence of pure joy on those faces is the embodied wellspring to which I make my daily offerings. We are sowing seeds of Indigenous joy. When the days are long, when the row is long to hoe, when the smoke fills the sky and uncertainty creeps into the corners of my mind. I bring my embodied prayer back to this; that the fruits of our labor and also our creativity will continue to carve into being a world where it is safe and nourishing place for grandmas to teach their children the stories that are held inside the seed corn, that the deft hands of grandmothers conjure up magic in...

 WHAT HAPPENED AFTER EASTER?  This is a painting done by Velazquez in about 1620. At first sight you focus on the kitchen maid who appears to be at work at the table, but then you understand that she has actually paused in her work and has her head half-turned, to better listen in on the conversation in the background. Only then do you notice the figures in the background, seated round a table. Who are these people she is listening to? Helpfully one has a halo and is in fact Jesus. The painting depicts the scene at Emmaus after the resurrected Jesus had met two of his followers on the road and walked with them to an inn for supper. It is described in Luke 24: 13-35. At first the two men did not recognise or understand Jesus, but then he sat with them, broke bread and revealed the true majesty of the Gospel story to them. Their lives were changed for ever. The kitchen maid, probably a slave, was listening in. She has been stirred deep in her spirit by what she has been hearing,...

 The story of Yasuke, the "Black Samurai"  A new Netflix anime series called YASUKE is a fictional (ETA: I've seen the first ep now...definitely very very fictional :D ) story based on the life of a man who really existed. Note that I have not seen the anime yet; this essay is about what is known about the real life person who is known as Yasuke 弥助, who lived in the 16th century.  Yasuke first appears in European historical documents (there are other written accounts of his existence in Japanese, but they are rather sketchy) as the slave of Alessandro Valignano  or Valignani, a Jesuit priest and missionary. Valignano's meeting with Oda Nobunaga, the dominant warlord in Japan of the latter 16th century, is noted in a book called "Histoire ecclesiastique des Isles et Royaumes du Japon" (The History of Christianity of the Islands and the Royalty of Japan), published in 1627 (so well after the events recorded) by a Frenchman called François Solier. Europeans had...

 A message from Zak -  Like everyone else who has ever listened to Low, right now I am mourning the loss of Mimi Parker. It hurts, and it hurts a lot. There is no getting around that, and no one should even try. I share that with each and every one of you. If you know, you know. And there are so, so many that do. I cant believe she’s gone. But there are some things about Mimi I’d like to share, in this moment, from the only perspective I can hope to share that makes any sense, for me. It takes about as long to read as it does to listen to Lullabye; actually, pairing the 2 might be an excellent idea. Go fire it up. I’ll wait. I was the bass player in Low from 1994 to 2005. But before that, during it, and after, Mim was my friend. And there’s some things I’d like you all to know about my friend Mimi. I’m bad with years and dates. But I think I was 15 (maybe 16, who cares) when I went to the local record store in downtown Duluth with my little handmade “do you like these bands? I...

 Geronimo Is Last Native Warrior to Surrender This Date in Native History: On September 4, 1886, the great Apache warrior Geronimo surrendered in Skeleton Canyon, Arizona, after fighting for his homeland for almost 30 years. He was the last American Indian warrior to formally surrender to the United States. Born in June 1829 near the Gila River in Arizona, Geronimo was a mild-mannered youth, said Mark Megehee, museum specialist at the Fort Sill Museum in Oklahoma. His birth name was Goyalkla or “One Who Yawns.” At age 17, Geronimo married Alope, with whom he had three children. His life changed in 1858 when a company of Mexican soldiers led by Colonel Jose Maria Carrasco attacked the Apaches and murdered Geronimo’s wife, mother and children. “Carrasco said he struck and meant to rub out every man, woman and child of the Apaches, but the warriors by and large escaped while their families were the ones that were slaughtered,” said Megehee, a member of the Sac and Fox Nation of Oklaho...